A vision of our role in the prevention of abuse in the .nl domain
Version: 1 January 2023
Version: 1 January 2023
The role and responsibilities of the operator of a top-level domain are defined in the standard document RFC 1591, published in 1994. As the operator of the .nl domain, we are therefore considered to be that domain's trustee; our task is to provide 'a public service on behalf of the internet community' and to perform an 'equitable, just, honest and competent job'.
We are accordingly committed to delivering a .nl domain that is of real value to the Dutch internet community. A domain that is widely used within the Netherlands and relevant to registrants and internet users; a domain that is trustworthy and secure.
Our vision of our role implies that we actively seek to prevent illegal, unlawful or violating activities ('abuse') that involve the use of .nl domain names. In line with our close association with the Netherlands, we judge whether an activity is abusive on the basis of Dutch law.
With a view to actively preventing abuse, we continuously:
gather relevant knowledge regarding and pursue insight into abuse within the .nl domain, both by undertaking research and by obtaining information from third parties;
inform relevant stakeholders (registrants, registrars, hosting service providers, crime prevention agencies) about abuse within the .nl domain, and encourage action to address such abuse by and in cooperation with such stakeholders;
establish and apply processes and procedures for the prevention and curtailment of abuse, including processes and procedures that provide for our direct intervention to deactivate a domain name in the last resort, where such intervention is subsidiary and proportionate.
Our activities are guided by the following principles:
We are committed to tackling abuse involving .nl domain names, but our status is such that we are not legally responsible or liable for such abuse.
In line with our close association with the Netherlands, we judge abuse on the basis of Dutch law.
A domain name is merely a signpost to content held on a server. Intervention at the domain-name level is therefore appropriate only where content cannot reasonably be removed from its server or modified on that server within an acceptable time frame.
Our focus should be largely confined to situations where there is significant risk to internet users, and where recourse to formal court or administrative procedures is inappropriate or (in view of the potential impact) is unlikely to lead to corrective action within an acceptable time frame.
In our collaboration with third parties, we should strive for efficiency and seek to avoid imposing excessive burden on other actors.
Abuse prevention activities should be undertaken with the utmost care, should incorporate proportionality checks and should respect affected parties' right to object. Adequate opportunity should also exist for an affected party to appeal to an independent body against any decision we make to intervene.
All our abuse prevention activities are intended to promote an open, valuable and value-based .nl zone; a zone where abuse is minimised and any abuse that does occur is addressed quickly and effectively; a zone that is considered trustworthy by people of good intent, and as unattractive by people of bad intent.